為了響應能源節約的口號,為放置大量電影文件的WD NAS 設置了自動開關機,每天22點會自行關機,每天8點會自行開機。
這就產生了一個問題,運行Plex media server 的debian OS 檢測不到從NAS export 出來的nfs mount 之後他有一定的幾率會死機。
所以要對這台運行在ESXi上的VM 進行定時開關機的操作。
Vmware 官方提供了api,並且提供了一個官方的cli govc,首先當然是安裝他。
Usage: govc <COMMAND> [COMMON OPTIONS] [PATH]...
govmomi is a Go library for interacting with VMware vSphere APIs (ESXi and/or
vCenter Server).
It is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
govc is the CLI for govmomi.
The available commands are listed below. A detailed description of each
command can be displayed with "govc <COMMAND> -h". The description of all
commands can be also found at https://github.com/vmware/govmomi/blob/main/govc/USAGE.md.
使用起來呢,倒是很簡單,主要的問題在於我不能直接使用root 帳戶去操作poweron/shutdown 這類的動作,萬一密碼洩漏了呢。但是,Vmware 也沒有在ESXi v6 的GUI 中提供為新增的用戶賦權的功能。所以,第一次先要使用root 帳戶來為新增的用戶賦權。
設置幾個env,這裡需要注意的是一定要用單引號,因為特殊字符密碼可能會被吃掉:
export GOVC_URL=https://10.1.1.2
export GOVC_USERNAME='root'
export GOVC_PASSWORD='IAM-root-password'
export GOVC_INSECURE=1
看一下about
govc about
FullName: VMware ESXi 6.7.0 build-15160138
Name: VMware ESXi
Vendor: VMware, Inc.
Version: 6.7.0
Build: 15160138
OS type: vmnix-x86
API type: HostAgent
API version: 6.7.3
Product ID: embeddedEsx
govc host.info
Name: esxi-s01.bbken.net
Path: /ha-datacenter/host/esxi-s01.bbken.net
Manufacturer: HP
Logical CPUs: 6 CPUs @ 2496MHz
Processor type: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-12400
CPU usage: 4609 MHz (30.8%)
Memory: 40644MB
Memory usage: 35268 MB (86.8%)
Boot time: 2026-09-13 09:15:48.082707 +0000 UTC
State: connected
列舉一下當前有的這些VM,看起來還蠻多的呢,不過都沒開機:
govc ls /ha-datacenter/vm
/ha-datacenter/vm/pfSense
/ha-datacenter/vm/PLEX
/ha-datacenter/vm/Webserver
/ha-datacenter/vm/Windows10
/ha-datacenter/vm/Alteon
/ha-datacenter/vm/ROS
/ha-datacenter/vm/OpenWRT
/ha-datacenter/vm/Windwos10CHN
/ha-datacenter/vm/ROS7
/ha-datacenter/vm/Debian
/ha-datacenter/vm/RHEL8
/ha-datacenter/vm/FaceFusion
看一下PLEX 這台VM 的詳細:
govc vm.info "PLEX"
Name: PLEX
Path: /ha-datacenter/vm/PLEX
Guest name: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (64-bit)
Memory: 8192MB
CPU: 8 vCPU(s)
Power state: poweredOn
Boot time: 2026-09-30 03:10:46.763837 +0000 UTC
IP address: 10.1.1.5
Host: s01.plex.tv
graceful shutdown 的命令是這樣:
govc vm.power -s "PLEX"
加電的命令是這樣:
govc vm.power -on "PLEX"
測試了一下開關機,沒問題。
啊,要先創建一個reboot user,我們就叫reboot-user好了,從ESXi的GUI 創建這個用戶,然後使用root用戶操作govc 賦權:
govc role.create vmpower VirtualMachine.Interact.PowerOn VirtualMachine.Interact.PowerOff VirtualMachine.Interact.Reset
govc permissions.set -principal reboot-user -role vmpower -propagate=true
完成後看一下:
govc permissions.ls /
Role Entity Principal Propagate
vmpower / reboot-user Yes
Admin / vpxuser Yes
Admin / dcui Yes
Admin / root Yes
看起來沒問題,接下來重新設置env,使用剛才創建的reboot-user和他的密碼:
export GOVC_URL=https://10.1.1.2
export GOVC_USERNAME='reboot-user'
export GOVC_PASSWORD='reboot-user-password'
export GOVC_INSECURE=1
govc vm.info "PLEX" | grep "Power state"
Power state: poweredOn
寫兩個腳本來加入到FreeBSD 的計劃任務:
vm-stop.sh:
#!/bin/sh
export GOVC_URL=https://10.1.1.2
export GOVC_USERNAME='reboot-user'
export GOVC_PASSWORD='reboot-user-password'
export GOVC_INSECURE=1
/usr/local/bin/govc vm.power -s "PLEX"
vm-start.sh:
#!/bin/sh
export GOVC_URL=https://10.1.1.2
export GOVC_USERNAME='reboot-user'
export GOVC_PASSWORD='reboot-user-password'
export GOVC_INSECURE=1
/usr/local/bin/govc vm.power -on "PLEX"
設定權限(腳本含有密碼,請務必設置為 700):
chmod 700 vm-start.sh
chmod 700 vm-stop.sh
crontab -e 加入这两行(21:30 关机、08:30 开机):
30 21 * * * /vm-stop.sh >> /tmp/vm.log 2>&1
30 8 * * * /vm-start.sh >> /tmp/vm.log 2>&1








